| Voice of Deoghar : Radha
Mohan

Deogarh is a drought prone area. People solely depend on agriculture
and forest for their livelihood. Forests are getting depleted. We
face the problem of food scarcity. Hunger, starvation are major
issue which we are battling with.
The maternal mortality rate (MMR) rates are high.
Literacy rate is very low. Only 23% of women are literate.
The quality of primary education is poor.
The roads are not maintained well. During rains it causes lot of
problems.
Government should provide us with good facilities and services.
Good development schemes should be implemented.
Deoghar District
Area, Population & Sex Ratio
Geographical Area : 2479.0 Km2
Population in Deoghar (Census 2011)
Total Population
Total : 1491879
Male : 776741
Female : 715138
Disabled population
Total disabled population : 15412
In seeing : 4882
In speech : 2021
In hearing : 1121
In movement : 5520
Mental : 1868
Rank ( VoiceOfBharat.org Analysis
)
Backwardness : 66
Sex Ratio Rank : 197
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : D
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 - 2006)
Disability : NA
Literacy Ratio : 507 (Census 2001)
Minority : Does not figure in MCD

Brief About Deoghar District
History of Deoghar District
The district of Deoghar, a part of Jharkhand state, was created
on 01.06.1983. Before this, Deoghar was a sub-division of Santhal
Pargana district. The district head quarter is located in Deoghar
town.
Santhal Pargana District was created in 1885 after partition of
Bhagalpur and Birbhum. An important reason behind the creation of
Santhal Pargana was Santhal Mutiny in 1854-55. According to Allahabad
Treaty signed with Sah Alam II in A.D. 1765, the Area of Santhal
Pargana, Hazaribag District, Munger District and Bhagalpur District
were known as Tarai Jungle. After excavation in this area, stone
weapons and the statue of Soldier with helmet made of celt were
found. This clearly indicates human beings had started living here
since stone age. This Celt has been found in Malay Peninsula and
Chhotanagpur Area. Man and Munda were among the primitives of this
area. These people might have come from Burma via Assam and had
started living in Santhal Pargana. A little information about this
area has been obtained from the seventh Century A.D. Chinese Traveller
Huen Tsang, who had a mention about this district. Huen Tsang visited
India in A.D. 645. He has mentioned about Tailiyagarhi Fort in his
Travellogue. He has written that Lofty Brick and Stone Tower were
built beside Ganges. Cuningham, in his Ancient Indian Geography
(1871) has stated that this might have been the House of Buddhists
and this was beside the river Ganges. This is not at all surprising
that the area of Santhal Pargana has remained a very important place
from Religious point of view. Bhavishyat Puran which was written
in 15th to 16th Century AD, has a mention of the Temple of Lord
Baidyanath in Deoghar. Medieval Period
The History of the Santhal Pargana is found from 13th Century A.D.
From that time Tailiyagarhi had become an entrance door for muslim
soldiers. They used to travel to & fro from Bengal to Taliyagarhi.
During the rule of Slave Dynasty in Delhi, Ityarudeen Bin Bukhtiar
Khiljee had visited Assam and Bengal enroute Tailiyagarhi, Son of
Laxman, the King of Cooch Bihar fled from Cooch Bihar and came to
Deoghar in the year 1201 A.D. and established his capital here.
British Period
After the defeat of Nawab Sirajudaula of Bengal in Battle of Palssy
in the year 1757, the British rule came into existence. After this
battle, the British reigned over Bengal. Deoghar (Santhal Pargana)
was under Bengal at that time. Thus the rule of British started
in this area. Tribal people of this area were freedom minded. They
were not tolerant to any aggressor of their Motherland. The British
were against any restrictions upon these tribal people. But these
tribals were too much against British. In 1819, the British wanted
to announce Santhal Pargana as its Territory. This hilly area belonged
to these tribal. They wanted to take welfare measures for these
tribal people so that the Tribals would not go against them. For
this, the British demarcated the area and gave it a Persian name
Daminico (Area between Bhagalpur and Rajmahal) .The meaning of Daminico
is Hilly Skirt. Mr. Potent was made Deputy Collector of this area
is the year A.D. 1837. Santhal Mutiny
The root cause of the Santhal Mutiny was to get rid of deteriorating
economical condition. The first fire was ignited in Littipara. Kinaram
Bhagat was a prime Businessman of Amarpada and he was a bad moneylender.
When Vijay Manjhi was arrested and sent to Bhagalpur jail, the dispute
increased since he died in Jail without a hearing of his case. His
son Singram led the protest and he was hanged in Barhait Bazaar
after a simple hearing. The Santhals were very sad and angry over
this incident and the rebellion started, whose main victims were
money lenders and landlords. The British took this mutiny as a challenge.
To crush the Santhals, the British engaged its soldiers. But the
Santhals courageously defended against them. The first battle against
the British was held at Payalpur in Bhagalpur on 16th July 1855.
The Santhals bravely faced the guns of the British. But instead
of suppression, the rebellion spread to other areas like Deoghar,
Dumka, Godda, Sahibganj, Hazaribag, Birbhum and Bankura Districts
of Bengal. The British tried to arrest the Santhals to save the
Dikus (meaning outsiders), because the Santhals considered the Dikus
as their enemies. The British deployed large numbers of soldiers
in these areas. Lots of cruelties were meted upon the Santhals.
Marshal Law was declared in 1855. The British were able to suppress
this mutiny. The Santhals showed exemplary courage in fighting against
the British, despite being beaten and harassed . The British knew
it well that if they want to rule in the area they have to agree
to the main demands of the Santhals and accord them the dignity
due to them. Therefore, in the year 1855 A.D., according to act
37, the District of Santhal Pargana was created after the name of
the tribals. Efforts were made to fulfill their demands. They were
given their motherland so that they feel secured. First war of Independence
1857 The effects of the first war of Independence fell in Santhal
Pargana. There was a rebellion in the 5th Irregular Cavallary of
Army in Rohini. Adjutant Sir Sermon Lesslie of the Regiment was
murdered in June 1857. In this mutiny Commandant Major McDonald
and Dr. Grant were injured. On 16th July at Joradih Rohini, Amanat
Ali, Salamat Ali and Seikh Haroon were hanged from a tree for taking
part in the Mutiny. It spread to the 5th Battalion of Bhagalpur.
They came to Rohini and joined the Mutiny. They marched to Bounsi
where 32 Motive infantry was existing. But from some source their
movement was disclosed to the British Officers. This was a big jolt
to the efforts of the mutineers. Thereafter there was no further
escalation of the trouble in Santhal Pargana.
The Freedom Struggle
Deoghar District did not remain untouched in anyway from the wave
of patriotism. It contributed significantly to the freedom struggle.
The Indian National Congress announced protest against Simon Commission
and called for its boycott. Its effect was felt all over India.
Even the Jungles and Hills of Deoghar did not remain untouched.
People of Deoghar participated in the Salt Satyagraha and the Civil
Disobedience Movement. There was a boycott of foreign liquor and
cloths. The Quit India movement of 1942 brought color to the struggle
in Deoghar. On 11th August 1942, a procession was taken out and
a strike was observed in Deoghar.
Natural Divisions
Deoghar district is spread over an area of 2479 sq km (2,45,156
Hectare). The landscape of Deoghar is high, low, hilly and damp.
28% of the land is very fertile and cultivable. Cultivation is primarily
rain-fed. The crop harvest is generally quite good.
Rivers
Ajay and More are two important rivers of this district. More is
also called Mayurakshi. This river has emerged from Tiur Hill. This
river goes through the heartland of the Dumka District and flows
towards South-East. The River Ajay originates from Munger District.
This river irrigates Northern and Eastern parts of Deoghar District
and meets Bhagirathi river at Murshidabad (in West Bengal). A Barrage
has been built over this River. During rainy season these rivers
often get flooded. During summer, narrow strip of water flows through
masses of sand. Rivulets like Dadhwa, Patro, Jayanti and Kendua
merge with Ajay at different places. |