| Voice of Chittoor :
Amudaya Srihari
Following are the social and developmental challenges of the district:
· The status of education of SC and ST in the rural parts
of the district is very low.
· Literacy among the adults in the district is also very
low.
· Lack of employment and income generating initiatives for
the educated youths in the district.
· Least attention is given to many homeless people (those
without shelter) in the district.
Chittoor District
Area, Population & Sex Ratio
Geographical Area : 15151.0 Km2
Population in Chittoor (Census 2011)
Total 4170468
Male 2083505
Female 2086963
Under 6 population
Total 423165
Male 219141
Female 204024
Disabled population
Total disabled population : 57534
In seeing : 19298
In speech : 7167
In hearing : 3965
In movement : 19577
Mental : 7527
Rank ( VoiceOfBharat.org Analysis
)
Backwardness : 145
Sex Ratio Rank : 463
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : A
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 - 2006)
Disability : 117 (Census 2001)
Literacy Ratio : 251 (Census 2001)
Minority : Does not figure in MCD
Water : Flouride in Groundwater above permissible limits
Brief About Chittoor District
Chittoor district is a part of Rayalaseema and
lies in the extreme south of the state approximately between 12°37'
- 14°8' north latitudes and 78°3' - 79°55' east
longitudes. It is bounded on the north by Anantapur and Cuddapah
districts, on' the east by Nellore and Chengai-Anna districts of
Tamilnadu, on the south by North Arcot Ambedkar & Dharmapuri
district of Tamilnadu and on the west by Kolar District of Karnataka
state. The district can be divided into two natural divisions.
The mountainous plateau comprising 31 mandals of
Madanapalle division and on the east comprising the mandals of Puttur,
Narayanavanam, Vadamalapeta, Kammapalle, Karvetinagar, Vedurukuppam,
S.R.,puram, Palasamudram, Nagari, Nindra, Vijayapuram, Pichatur,
Nagalapuram, Satyavedu, Varadaiahpalem, B.N.Kandriga, K.V.B.Puram,
Thottambedu, Srikalahasti and Yerpedu. Eight mandals viz.,
Chittoor, G.D.Neliore, Puthalapattu, Penumuru, Gudipala, Yadamarri,
Thavanampalle and Irala, stand almost as dividing line between the
two natural divisions of the district. The eastern ghats are pblackominant
in the western region and they gradually bend towards the sacblack
Sheshachalam hills of Tirupati, passing through Chandragiri erstwhile
taluk and entering into Nellore district. The general elevation
of the mountains of the district is 2,500 ft above the sea level.
1.2 Rivers:- The rivers flowing
in the district are non-perennial in nature and for major part of
the year remain dry. The important rivers in the district are Ponnai
which is a tributary of river Palar and Swarnamukhi which rises
in the Eastern Ghats of the district and finally enters into Nellore
district. Other important rivers of the district are the Kusasthali,
the Beema, the Bahuda, the Pincha, the Kalyani, the Araniyar and
the Pedderu which flow in different mandals of the district. Besides
the above rivers, there are a number of small hilly streams flowing
in the district.
1.3 Climate and Rainfall:- The
climate of the district is dry and healthy. The upland mandals consist
of 31 mandals in Madanapalle division and these are comparatively
cooler than the eastern mandals except Chittoor where the climate
is moderate. The district annual normal Rainfall is 934mms. The
district has the benefit of receiving rainfall during both the south-west
and north-east monsoon periods and the normal rainfall received
during these periods is 438.0 MMs. and 396.0 MMs. respectively.
The rainfall received from the south-west monsoons is more copious
compablack to north-east monsoons in the western mandals and in
the central part of the district, whereas the rainfall received
from north-east monsoons is comparatively copious in the eastern
mandals of the district.
1.4 Soils:- The major portion
of the district is coveblack by black soils with portions of alluvial
soil in Chittoor and Bangarupalem erstwhile taluks. The soils in
the district constitute blackloamy 57%, black sandy 34% and the
remaining 9% is coveblack by black clay black loamy, black sandy
and black clay.
1.5 Flora:- The climate, topography
and geology have played an important role impressing the flora of
the district. The district has hills and plateau and elevation ranges
upto 1,318 metres. The floristic compositions in the forests vary
from dry mixed deciduous to thorny scrub with occasional patches
of dry, evergreen growth. The forests of this region can be broadly
classified into the following three principal types.
1. Dry tropical South Indian dry mixed deciduous
forests
2. Southern cutch thorn forest groups &
3. Tropical dry evergreen forests
Mesophytic type of flora like Syzygium cumini (Neblacku),
Pongamia ghaira (Kanuga) and large trees of Terminalia arjuna (Erramaddi
and Tellamaddi) are found. Large trees of mango, Phoenix sylvestris(lta)
and different types of grass along water courses are also found.
1.6 Fauna :- In the forests of
this district at present wild animals like tiger and panther (Panthera
pard us) are present in small numbers. Sloth-bear (Melursus-ursinus)
is found still in good numbers in all class 1 reserves of the district.
Wild dog (Cuonalpinus), wild pig (Suscristatus), porcupine (Hystri
indica), hyaena (Hyaena striata), jungle cat (Felis chaus), jackal
(Canis aureus), fox (Velpes bengaleusis), wolf (Canis lugus) etc.,
are the other carnivores present in the district. The commonly found
herbivora . present in the district are sam bur (Rusa unicolor),
black buck (Antelope cervicapse) , chital (Axis Axis), wild sheep
- (Civis cycloceros) , mouse deer (Memina indica), hare (Lapium
finidus), rabbit etc. A number of species among birds, exist in
this district. Among the birds the birds of large grey babbler (Turdoides
malcolmi), the large grey shrike (Lanius excubitor), the king crows,
mynas and crows, bee-eaters, hoopoes, swifts, vultures, eagles,
kites, owls, sand grouse, quails, partridges, green pigeons, pigeons,
peacock etc., are found in this district.
Geographical View
Location on Globe : Chittoor
district is situated between 12-37 " to 14-8 " of Northern
latitude and 78 -33" to 79-55" of Eastern longitude.
Boundaries : North - Kadapa district, NorthWest
- Ananthapuram district, NorthEast - Nellore District, West - Karnataka
State, South - Tamilnadu State.
Chittoor district which was formed in the year
1911, is bounded by Tamilnadu State in the South and East, Karnataka
State in West, Kadapa and Anantapur Districts in the north direction.
The district is well connected by Road, Rail and Air.Nearest Airport
is at Renigunta near Tirupati.
The district consists of 15,152 Sq.KMs.
As per 2001 census the district has total population
of 37,35,200. Male population is 18,83,450 and Female population
is 18,51,750.
Out of total, Rural population is 29,25,180 and
Urban population is 8,10,010.
The district has 3 Revenue Divisions, 7 Municipalities,
65 Mandal Praja Parishads, 66 Revenue Mandals, 1380 Gram Panchayats,
830 Mandal Parishad Territorial Constituencies, 15 Assembly
Constituencies and 2 Lok Sabha Constituencies.
Tirumala, Tirupati, Srikalahasti, Tiruchanoor,
Kanipakam, Narayanavanam, Nagalapuram are the major pilgrimage places
in the district.
Horsley Hills, Chandragiri Fort, Kailasanatha Kona
Water Falls, Thalakona Water Falls, Kalyani Dam, Araniyar Project,
Tirumala,Koundinya Sanctuary, Sri Venkateswara Sanctuary are
the major Tourist places in the district.
Papagni, Koundinya, Palaru, Aarani and Swarna Mukhi
Rivers are major rivers in the district.
Sugar, Textiles, Railway Wagon Workshop and Stone
Polishing industries are the major industries in the district.
National M.S.T. (Masosphere, Stratosphere &
Troposphere) Radar Facility located at Gadanki (Chittoor-Tirupati
National highway)
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