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Disabled population
Total disabled population : 20380
In seeing : 8293
In speech : 1319
In hearing : 987
In movement : 6783
Mental : 2998

Rank ( VoiceOfBharat.org Analysis )
Backwardness : 406
Sex Ratio Rank : 77
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : C
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 -2006)
Disability : 421 (Census 2001)
Literacy Ratio : 115 (Census 2001)
Minority : Does not figure in MCD

Ambala District Information
The Ambala District has claims of being one of the Historical famous District of Haryana State . The District was explored during British period by A.C.Cunningham and C.Rodgers and later by B.B.Lal and many others.On the basis of various literary and archeological evidences it is possible to give an outline of culture and History of Ambala District. The earliest literacy reference to the region comprising the Ambala District in the Taittiriya Aranayaka which mentions Turghna as the bordering region towards the North of kurukshetra. This locality identified with Shrughna Sugh also finds mention in Panini (Ancient Indian Literature).It is surmised that Ambala District to have been founded by Amba Rajput during the 14th century AD. Another version is that the name is a corruption of Amba Wala or the mango-village judging from mango groves that existed in its immediate neighborhood. Still another version is that the District has  taken its name after goddess "Bhawani Amba" whose Temple still exist in Ambala city.

Ancient Period
The earliest inhabitants of district were a primitive people using stone tools of lower palacolithic Age. These tools were found at various sites in the district like Tarlokpur etc. Unfortunately this district has not yielded any pre Harappan or mature Harappan site. However there has been some satisfactory evidence in kins of late Harappan. The Various evidence specially that of painted Grey ware pottery support the fact that the Aryans also inhabited the region. The Ambala region was included in the Kingdom of Pandava and there successors.The Edicts of Ashoka Chiefly Topara edicts and stupas at Singh and Chaneti associate this district with Maurayan Empire which further add to the district with Mauryan Empire which further add to the importance of place. The discovering of Sunga Terralottas suggests that they held this area. Several coins of menander have alsobeen recovered from the area. The district has also yielded Coins of Indo Parthian Gondophernes and a coin of Mahakshtrapa Rajuvala (from Ambala and Nariangarh).  At some places Kushan Bricks have also been found which justify the conclusion that this district was included in the Kushana empire. According to Dr.R.C. Majumdar the region between Lahore and Karnal formed a part of Samudra Gupta empire . This evidence is supported by Mehrauli Pillar Inscription and silver coins found at various places.The region formed an integral part of nearly all the premier ruling dynasties of India. In 7th Century is was a part of Sukantha Janpada of puspabhuti of Thanesar. Some foreign sources specially those of Chinese pilgrimage Hiven Tsang who visited during Harsha regime show that this District was also under some influence of Buddhism . The district further Witnessed the Imperial ambition of Yaso Verman of Kanauj and laladitya. After the invasion of Mohammed Ghaznavi charuhaus brought it under their control the Topara pillar stands Testimony of this fact. Finally the Muslims under took the district after the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan in the second Battle of Terrain 1192. Between 9th to12th century this district retained its importance as a centre of religious pilgrimage. The discovery of image of  lords at several places suggest existence of beautiful  temples which were probably destroyed during Muslim invasions. 

Modern Period
The advent of British Rule Marked the growth of Sikh Power in this region and the consequent destruction by British in 1805. The British in order to increase their sway beyond Yamuna look the Chiefs in Ambala under their protection. The British Controlled the affairs of all states in the region in a most effective manner through the political agency at Ambala . In 1845, the Sikh chief showed passive obstruction or open hostility to the British. The result was the police jurisdiction of most of the chief as well as  transit and custom duty were abolished and a commutation was accepted for the personal service of the chief of his contingent. The political agency of Ambala was  transformed into Commissionership under the commissioner of the cis-Satluj states. By 1846 several chiefships had lapsed owing to their failure to have male heirs and the so called break down of administrative machinery. The British acquired strips of  territory around Ambala district in 1847. In 1849, Punjab was annexed and then it was declared that expect Buria and Kalsia all chiefs would cease to hold sovereign powers.

The Revolt of 1857
The Ambala district played a significant role in uprising of 1857. Ambala was a military depot of great Importance then. Sham Singh ,a sepoy of the 5th Native infantry told Forsyth, the then Deputy Commissioner Ambala in the end of April 1857 that a general rising of the Sepoys would take place in the beginning of May. He was proved Correct at approximately 9 A.M.on Sunday 10th May 1857 an Indian regiment the 60th Native Infantry rose in open revolt at Ambala followed by  5th native infantry at 12 noon but the Britsh were too alert and suppressed the revolt. Like the sepoys, the civil population was also badly disaffected . Indeed everyone among them irrespective of their caste , creed and religion stood against Britishers and played a significant Role in Struggle.

Rise of National Awakening
For a long time after the uprising the people of Haryana kept in suffering . On account of their opposition and indifference towards the British in the crisis but soon various changes swept in the country as well as the region as the result , the people of Ambala were influenced and become politically awakened and enlighted . Some organization took the task of reformation . The organization  which rendered  services in this district are as follows.

Year       Name of Organization             Aims and Objectives 
                        and Place

1883       Arya Samaj Ambala               Social & Religious reforms of
                Cantonment                           Hindus

1884       Anjunam-Rifah-i-Am,              Socio-political awakening

               Ambala City                           of Indian       
1886       Anjuman-islamiya ,                  Bettering Muslim 'lot
               Ambala city                       

1886       Singh Sabha                             Reforming sikh religion
               Ambala city 

1886       Central National                       Bellering Muslim,lot 
               Mohamedans
               Association
               Ambala city

1888       Anjuman -Islamiya                    Bellering Muslims' lot 
               Ambala Cantoment


1888       Singh Sabha Ambala                  Reforming Sikh religion
               Cantoment 

1890       Arya Samaj Ambala                    Social-Religious 36
               city                                              Reform Hindus

1896       Sanatam Dharam                         Hindu revivalism
               Sabha Ambala Cantonment

During this period the people also made efforts to establish re-organization at national level. Lala Murli Dhar of Ambala (1820-1924) was one of the founding fathers of Indian National Congress at Bombay in 1885. Later on during early twentieth century Indian National Congress organization spread its roots at various places in Ambala District.

The First world war and Non-co-operation Movement

The people of Ambala helped government in its war efforts. The village peasants gave recruits to Army but in the period following the first world war they were rendered jobless and a feeling of discontentment creeped into them. Mahatma Gandhi found a great opportunity and launched an all India agitation in 1919.The Postwar Scenario witnessed a great deal of Political activity in Ambala District like other parts of India people opposed Rowllatt Bills. The people over here opposed the Bills and passed resolution condemning the government action. After the arrest of Mahatma Gandhi and Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy some voilent disturbance also took place at number of places.The burning of the offic of  a  military regiment 1/34 Sikh Pioneer at Ambala Cantonment was indeed very serious. The people contributed shoulder to shoulder with Gandhi's Non Co-operation movement. But in 1922 the Movement was withdrawn as a result of chaure-chaura Incident.

The Civil disobedience Movement.
In 1930, an all India civil-disobedience Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi which spread throughout the nation and Ambala was no exception on April 6th,1930 a huge procession marched through the main streets  of the city and leaders made soul stirring speeches. At this stage Naujawan Bharat Sabha , a progressive leftist Movement was established. The Sabha had its Base in the villages and also among the works in Ambala. The Swadeshi Movement also gained momentum at this time. The Merchant of Ambala took a vow not to sell foreign clothes and Bar association passed a resolution to wear Khadi. Even ladies come forward on 26th April 1920, and woman volunteers prepared salt in Anaj Mandi Ambala. The auctioned salt fetched 63/- ( sixty three Rupees). The struggle went on unabated except for a brief  halt in 1931 till 1933, when Mahatma Gandhi withdrawn it and turned it into an individual Satyagrah. However , it did not make any impressive impact  on the people and the district offered only 171 arrests during the wake of individual Satyagraha Movement in 1941.

Quit India Movement

The situation changed in 1942, when the Quit India Movement was launched. The Congress was declared as unlawful. The people of Ambala were not disheartened and gave a tough fight to the Britishers. There were violent activities also. There were lathi charges at about two dozen occasions and about 298 persons were arrested. The Movement in 1944 was as a result of arrest of leaders and repressive measures of government.The people of Ambala fought overseas also in the Indian National Army under one of the inspiring leadership of Subash Chander Boss.To sum up the people of Ambala District made a great sacrifice like their counter parts in the other parts of the country . The achievement of Independence on August 15,1947  was celebrated in the district with migration of population from both sides on  account of the partition of the country.This survey of the pre-independence and historical events indicate that the area  Ambala District nearly always remained a part of the main stream of the Indian History.

Location

The district Ambala lies on the North-Eastern edge of Haryana between 27-39"-45'   North latitude and 74-33"-53' to 76-36"-52' East longitude. It is bounded by the district Yamunanagar  to the South-East. To its South lies Kurukshetra district while in its west is situated Patiala and Ropar districts of Punjab and the Union Territory of Chandigarh. The Shivalik Range of Solan and Sirmaur districts of Himachal Pradesh bounds the Ambala district in the North and North-East. The height from the sea level is 900feet.

Area

It has an area of  1568.85 sq.kms. It comprises of three tehsils covering the area as mentioned below. 

Tehsil Area (in %) as per 1991 census.

Tehsil                                          Area(%age)

Ambala                                        46.63

Barara                                         19.31

Naraingarh                                   28.56

Population

The total population of the district according to 2001 is 10,13,660 of which the male population accounted for 5,42,366 and female for 4,71,294. The population of the district forms 4.8 percent of the total population of the Haryana state.  The literate population is 673807out of which 390012 are males and 283795 are females respectively. The sex rate is 869 and the density of population is 644.

Rivers &Water System

The district is mainly drained by non-perennial streams and the drainage system of the district comprises of the following:   

1. The Markanda & its tributaries 

2. The Dangri (Tangri) & its tributaries 

3. The Ghagghar & its tributaries 

The Markanda and  the Dangri streams ultimately drain into the Ghagghar river beyond the territory of the district. The Ghagghar along with its tributaries however constitutes an inland drainage system.