| Yavatmal District
Area, Population & Sex Ratio
Geographical Area : 13582.0 Km2
Population in Yavatmal (Census 2011)
Total Population
Total : 2775457
Male : 1425593
Female : 1349864
Under 6 population
Total : 320441
Male : 167346
Female : 153095
Disabled population
Total disabled population : 41977
In seeing : 14826
In speech : 3180
In hearing : 306
3 In movement : 15644
Mental : 5264
Rank ( VoiceOfBharat.org Analysis
)
Backwardness : 109
Sex Ratio Rank : 305
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : A
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 - 2006)
Disability : 206 (Census 2001)
Literacy Ratio : NA
Minority : Does not figure in MCD
Brief About Yavatmal District
PEOPLE, LANGUAGES AND RELIGIONS
Mali: -
The Malis or Marals number are 4 per cent of the population
and are chiefly occupied in growing vegetables and garden crops.
They are less sturdy and dogged than the Kunbis and more easily
buillied. They have several local subdivisions as the Kosaria, Phulmali,
Bhange, Baone, Jire, Mire, Harde, Ghase, and Pahad.
Banjara:-
The Bankaras number are 6 per cent of the population, residing
principally in the forest tracts to the south of the District.
They are also known as Labhana from their former occupation
of carrying salt. The Mathuria subcaste are the highest and wear
the sacred thread. These generally live a reputable life, but
the other Banjaras have a somewhat bad reputation for theft and
cattle-lifting. The women wear 2 little sticks fixed upright in
their hair, over which their cloth is drawn. Their front hair
hangs down beside their face, and behind it is woven in to a plaitwith
silk thread & hangs down the back. They have large ornaments
of silver tied over the head and hanging down beside the ears;
and to these are attached little bells. Their arms are covered
with bangles of ivory, and they have tinkling anklets on the feet.
The women wear skirts and short cloths drawn over the shoulders
, and along their skirts double lines of coweries are embroidered.
Andh The andhs are stated in the
census Reports to be an aboriginal tribe and probably are so.
Nothing can be ascertained as to their origin, and they are not
found in any Province. They have now adopted nearly all the practices
of Kunbis and are hardly distinguishable from them in dress or
personal appearance. In social status they are generally considered
to be only a little lower than Kunbis, and cultivate in the ordinary
Manner like them. They employ Brahmans as their priests, and profess
to be Vaishnavas by religion , wearing sect-marks on their foreheads.
But in two matters they appear to show their Dravidian origin.
One is that they will eat flesh of such unclean animals as Fowls,
Pigs, Rats, Snakes, and even cats. And the other, that they will
readmit in to their caste Andh women detected in a criminal intimacy
with men.
Gond & Pardhan:-
Like the Andhs, the Gonds & Pardhans have adopted Hindu
dress & customs to a larger extent than in a Central Provinces.
The Pardhans are the bards & musician of the Gonds , &
are considered to occupya lower position than the tribe proper.
Together they from about 10 per cent the population The Gonds
have 3 subdivisions-Raj-Gonds, Dadwes, Mokasis. The name of the
last may possibly be derived from the fact that they held land
on privileged tenure under the Chanda kings; & they rank higher
even than the Raj-Gonds, who will take food at their hands. The
Dadwes are the lowest subdivision, & will take food from either
of the other two. Besides these subcastes, which are endogamous,
the Gonds are also divided in to sections who worship different
no. of gods; & no two persons who have the same no. of gods
may marry with each other. The worshippers of four,five,six,Seven
and twelve gods are locally distinguished the last not being known
in the Central Provinces. The tribe speak Gondi among themselves
& they dress like the Kunbis. They are tenants & labourers
& a few are patels of villages.
Kolam:-
The
Kolams are a Dravidian tribe akin to the Gonds but distinct from
them, who reside principally in the Wun taluk. They have a language
of their own which appears to be derived from Telgu mixed with Gondi
& Marathi words. In some respects they retain veryprimitive
customs, but in dress they can hardly be distinguished from Kunbis.
They are held to be lower than the Gonds Yet they are not considered
as impure by the Hindus, are permitted to enter the Hindu temples.
They worship their implements of agriculture on the last day of
April. The Kolams have a curious ceremony for protecting the village
from diseases.
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE MARATHI
The principal
language of the District in Marathi, which is spoken by Persons
or 71 percent. Of the population. Yeotmal has the smallest proportion
of Marathi-speakers of the four Berar Districts. The form of the
language used locally is that known as the Berar dialect, and differs
slightly from the pure Marathi of Poona. Long vowels and especially
final ones are very frequently shortened; thus mi and mi, I; mahi
bayko my wife; maha and maha, my. There is a strong tendency among
the lower classes to substitute o for ava and avi; thus zol for
zaval, near; udola for udavila squandered. An is very commonly used
where the Deccan form of the language has and, especially in the
termination of neuter bases, in the suffix ne of the instrumental,
and in the future. Thus as a, so; sangitla. I is very often interchanged
with e and ya; thus dila, della and dyalla, given; an initial e
is commonly pronounced as a ye; thus ek and yek one. L and n are
continually interchanged in the future tenses. Thus me marin, and
marli I shall strike. V is very indistinctly sounded before lone
and short I and e, and is often dropped altogether; thus isto, fire;
is twenty; yal time; In verbs the second person singular has usually
the form of the third person; thus tu ahe, thou art for tu ahes.
In the present tense a is substituted for e in the terminations
of the second a person singular and the third person plural. Thus
tu marta, thou strictest; te martat, the strike. The habitual past
of often used as an ordinary past; thus to mhane he said.
OTHER
LANGUAGES
Among
other languages Gondi is spoken by 85 percent of the number of Gonds
in the District. The local form of the language differs in some
respects from the standard one, and is a good deal mixed up with
Marathi words. The Kolams are often classed as a Gond tibe, but
their dialect differs widely from the language of the neighbouring
Gonds. In some points Kolami agrees with Telgu, and in other characteristics
with Canarese and connected forms of speech. There are also some
interesting points of analogy with the Toda dialect of the Nilgiris,
and Dr.Grierson remarks that the Kolams must, from a philological
point of view, be considered as the remnants of an old Dravidian
tribe, who have not been involved in the development of the principal
Dravidian languages; or else of a tribe who did not originally use
a Dravidian form speech. At the last census 5000 Kolams or a third
of the total number in the District returned themselves as speaking
Kolami. The District has 36,000 Banjaras and nearly all of them
speak the gipsy dialect named after the caste. This is a rough kind
of western Rajasthani or Marwari, much mixed with Gujarathi,
but with the pronunciation of Marathi , Urdu is spoken by 29,000
persons, all of whom are Mohammedans, and telugu by 24,000 persons
speak immigrants from madras About 6000 person speak Hindi,
these being immigrants from Hindustan, generically known as Pardeshi;
and 3000, principally Banias from Rajputana, return Marwari as their
language.
RELIGIONS
The statistics of religion show that Hindus constitute 81 percent
of the population, Animists 13%, & Muhammadans 5 %. In 1991
the District had 2568 Jains , & 209 Christians. The proportion
of Animists is higher in Yavatmal than in the other Berar Districts
owing to the comparatively large numbers of Gonds & Kolams.
The Kolams are the most primitive of the tribes, and nearly all
of them are still returned as Animists. Members of this religion
are most numerous in the Kelapur, Wun and Yavatmal talukas. The
Mahammadans, though more numerous than in most district of the Central
Provinces, form a smaller proportion of the population in
Yavatmal than elsewhere in Berar. They reside chiefly in the Pusad
and Darwha talukas, while Wun and Kelapur have only small
numbers of them. Of the total numbers of 30,000 Muharmmadans, 6000
live in the towns. Mahammadan patels hold 103 villages. Some of
the Mahammadans are converted Rajputs and several important Deshmukh
families are divided into Mahammadan and Hindu branches. There are
also Mahammadan Kayaasths, some of whom are hereditary patwaris
or belong to Deshpande families.
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