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Child labour is a major issue. Government should take a serious action against this. Due to this many children are deprived of education and majority of the people remain illiterate.
Migration is another challenge which we are facing.

Shimoga District
Area, Population & Sex Ratio
Geographical Area : 8477.0 Km2
Population in SHIMOGA (Census 2011)
Total Population
Total : 17,55,512
Male : 8,79,817
Female : 8,75,695

Under 6 population
Total : 1,76,904
Male : 90,271
Female : 86,633

Disabled population
Total disabled population : 26612
In seeing : 10618
In speech : 2751
In hearing : 1664
In movement : 8548
Mental : 3031

Rank ( VoiceOfBharat.org Analysis )
Backwardness : 364
Sex Ratio Rank : 448
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : A
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 - 2006)
Disability : 361 (Census 2001)
Literacy Ratio : 129 (Census 2001)
Minority : Does not figure in MCD

Brief About Shimoga District

Shimoga is a true picture of nature's bounty-landscapes dotted with waterfalls, swaying palms and lush paddy fields make for picturesque locales

Shimoga, almost central on the Karnataka map is the rice bowl of the State. The rivers Tungabhadra, Sharavathi, Varada and Kumudavathi inundate the luxuriant greens of the region.Shimoga was ruled by the great Indian dynasties of the Kadambas, Gangas, Chalukyas, Rastrakutas, Keladi and Vijaynagar Kings. Shimoga ( Face of Shiva), was established by the Keladi rulers. It reached its pinnacle during the rule of Shivappa Nayaka around 1600 A.D.

The Sahyadri ranges,part of the Western Ghats, feed the rivers round the year, and inundate the fertile alluvial soil, this nature's blessing makes it the bread basket of Karnataka. The Sharavathi Hydel Project and Varahi Project provide a substantial portion of the state's power needs.

Today, Shimoga is more than just a tourist destination. Its rich tradition in education, fine arts and culture remain deeply etched in its people and place. The enchanting natural scenery of hills, hillocks and green dales, rivers and streams, dense forests, flora & fauna, forts, temples and historical places, sandalwood and spices, add to this mouth-watering cuisine and touching hospitality and you know you've got - HEAVEN ON EARTH

History

Shimoga, as per traditional derivations ,the name pertains to Lord Shiva ( 'Shiva - Mukha' - Face of shiva , 'Shivana - Mogu' - Nose of shiva, 'Shivana - Mogge' - Buds of flowers meant for shiva ) . According to the legend, the place had the ashram of the famous sage 'Durvasa' who was noted for his sharpness of temper. He used to keep on the oven a pot boiling with sweet herbs. Once, some cowherds, who chanced upon it, tasted the beverage out of curiosity and called the place 'Sihi- Moge' (Sweet Pot) , Which was later called as 'SHIMOGA' .

Flashback : Remains found in the district disclose that man was reisdent in the area in those early times. In 1881, two early stone-age tools were discovered in a 'Shingle bed' at Nyamati, at a short distance from the Tungabhadra river. They were bifacial pebble tools made of quartzite, one with a rounded working edge and the other with a pointed working edge. Some Neolithic sites were noticed and uncovered at

• Guddemaradi on the bank of Tunga river near Shimoga city
• Nilaskal near Nagar in Hosanagar taluk
• Kunda hill near Agumbe in Thirthahalli taluk
• Yeddegudde near Thirthahalli
• Ashoka nagar, Anaveri and Nagasamudra in Bhadravati taluk

Three iron age megalithic sites, with different megaliths, have also been found in the district, at Nilaskal in Hosanagar taluk and Shimoga, which have menhirs, and at Arehalli in Thirthahalli taluk, which has portholed burial chambers.

Geography

Shimoga, a place known for its scenic beauty, flush green lush forests,  eye-catching waterfalls, cool climate is situated in the Malnad region bounded by Sahyadri ghats at an mean elevation of 640 AMSL  in the western part of karnataka. The district is spread over an area of 1058,000 Hectares with an forest area of 327,000 Hectares. The total population of shimoga district as per 1991 census is around 14,52,320. The eastern part of district comes under the semi-malnad zone with plain topography and occasional chains of hills covered with semi-deciduous vegetation.  

Shimoga is origin of rivers Kali, Gangavathi, Sharavathi and tadadi. The other major rivers which flow through the district are Tunga, Bhadra and Varada. The rivers Tunga and Bhadra meets at a place called Koodalgi in shimoga district. Agumbe , a small place , known for its highest rainfall (8000 mm/annum) in southern india hails from this land.

Shimoga district is rich in flora and fauna , the dense forest and green shrub jungles are main producers of sandalwood, rosewood, teak and other exotic timber. Mango, Jackfruit, Tamarind etc..  are the other important trees found around the district with rich yields. The dense forests of the district is home for wild animals like Elephant, Tiger, Lion, Leopard, Wild boar, Bear, Antelope, Bison, Porcupine, Monkeys, wolves and many other animals. Birds migrate from all over the world and travel down to shimoga for a honeymoon. Birds like ...... are found flying higher and higher in the blue skies.

Shimoga farmers are feeding the people of Shimoga and other districts of Karnataka by producing good quality paddy, coconut, Ragi, Pepper, Areca and Sugarcane.

It ranks 9th in size among all the districts of the State. The district is just 274 Kms away from the silicon valley of India, BANGALORE.