| Voice of Patna :Pradeep
With a population of above 35 lakh in the district following are
the main challenges
Outreach of various facilities and benefits of different schemes
made for the development women and children is not good.
Children in the rural part of the district do not receive proper
medical facilities, primary education and nutritious food. Drop
rate is high among the children.
Being a capital of Bihar, migration from other districts is another
issue that needs to be tackled fast. Migration has led to rise in
problems like poverty, availability of food, unemployment and even
crime.
Patna District
Area, Population & Sex Ratio
Geographical Area : 3202.0 Km2
Population in Patna (Census 2011)
Total Population
Total : 5,772,804
Male : 3,051,117
Female : 2,721,687
Under 6 population
Total : 905,708
Male : 476,906
Female : 428,802
Disabled population
Total disabled population : 98862
In seeing : 47732
In speech : 5920
In hearing : 3400
In movement : 31794
Mental : 10016
Rank ( VoiceOfBharat.org Analysis
)
Backwardness : Does not figure in list of 447 backward
districts
Sex Ratio Rank : 90
(Rank one is least sex ratio - Cenus 2001)
HIV Category District : C
(HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 - 2006)
Disability : 17 (Census 2001)
Literacy Ratio : 322 (Census 2001)
Minority : Does not figure in MCD
Water : Occurrence of High Arsenic in Ground Water
Brief About Patna District
The history and tradition of Patna go back to the earliest dawn
of civilization. The original name of Patna was Pataliputra or Patalipattan
and its history makes a start from the century 600 B.C. Patna covers
area of 42 sq km. The name Patna has undergone many changes at its
earliest stages like Pataligram, Kusumpur, Patliputra, Azimabad,
etc., ultimately terminating to the present one. Chandragupta Maurya
made it his capital in the 4th century A.D. Thereafter the city
lost its importance until Sherkhan Suri rose into power in the early
16th century A.D. Another version that comes to focus is that there
existed a village named Pattan or Patthan, which later turned into
Patna.It has been said that Pataliputra was founded by Ajatashatru.
Patna, therefore, has become inextricably bound up with the ancient
Pataliputra. The ancient village was named ‘Patali’ and the word
‘Pattan’ was added to it. Greek history mentions ‘Palibothra’ which
perhaps is Pataliputra itself......
History of Patna .....Ajatashatru had to adopt
certain security measures in order to protect Patna from the repeated
Lichchavi invasions. He had got a natural riverine fort protected
by three rivers. Ajatashatru’s son had moved his capital from Rajagriha
to Pataliputra and this status was maintained during the reign of
the Mauryas and the Guptas. Ashoka the Great, administered his empire
from here. Chandragupta Maurya and Samudragupta , valliant warriors,
they took Pataliputra as their capital. It was from here Chahandragupta
sent forth his army to fight the Greeks of the western frontier
and Chandragupta Vikramaditya repelled the Shakas and the Huns from
here. It was there that the Greek ambassador Megasthenes stayed
during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya. The famous traveler Fa-Hien
in the 3rd century and Hiuen-Tsang in the 7th century inspected
the city. Many noted scholars like Kautilya stayed here and works
like ‘Arthashastra’ were written from this place. This city was
the fountainhead of the spring of knowledge and wisdom in ancient
times. Prince Azim-us-Shan, the grandson of Aurangzeb came as the
Governor of Patna in 1703. Earlier than that Sher Shah had removed
his capital from Biharsharif to Patna. It was prince Azim-us-Shan
who tried to turn Patna into a beautiful city and it was he who
gave it the name ‘Azimabad’. The common people however went on calling
it ‘Patna’. The old Patna or the modern Patna City had at one time
a wall all round, the remains of which can still be seen at the
entrance of old Patna.
Geographical and Physical features :
The district can be divided into two natural comprising
:- A narrow strip of somewhat high land about 8 kms. in width along
the southern bank of the Ganges having very fertile soil. The Site
Of Ganga Alluvial fertlie plains in the remaining portions. After
creation of the new district of Patna does not contain any hilly
region. It has an entirely alluvial and flat region. The land in
the district is too fertile to be left for wild growth. The district
is devoid of any forest wealth of consequences. The alluvial text
of land yields rice, sugarcane and other foodgrains. The area under
cultivation is studded with mango orchads and bamboo clumps. In
the fields adjoining the Ganges weeds such as ammannia, citriculari,
hygrophile and sesbania grow. But palmyra and date palm and mango
orchards are found near habitations. Dry shrub jungles are sometimes
seen in the villages away from the rivers. Trees commonly met with
are bel, siris, jack fruits and the red cotton tree. \
Location and Area :
The district lies virtually in the heart of the South Bihar
Plain. The city of Patna, besides being the headquarters and the
state capital since 1911. The district is bounded on the north by
the Ganges, beyond which lie the district of Saran, Vaishali, Samastipur
and Begusarai. To the east lie the district of Lakhisarai and Nalanda
and in the south the district of Jahanabad. Patna is separated from
Bhojpur district on its west by river sone. The district is named
after its principal city, Patna. Various legends exist regarding
its origin. The most popular legend ascribes it to a prince named
Putraka, who created it with a stroke of his magic staff and named
it in honour of his wife, the princess Patali. It is also said that
originally Pataliputra was a village known as Pataligram which appears
to have been derived from 'Patali' or 'Trumpet flower'. It was called
Palibhotra by Megasthanes. It is, however, generally accepted that
Patna stands on the site of the ancient metropolis of Patna or Patliputra.
Total area of the district is 3202 sq km. The district headquarter
is located at Patna.
Towns, Villages and Amenities
The district is at present comprises of 5 sub-divisions, 16 Community
Devlopment Blocks. It has 13 towns and 1428 villages(1248 inhabited
villages and 144 uninhabited villages). The urban population of
the district as percentage of total population in the census year
1981 and 1991 is indicated below. It also shows the sex ratio(females
per 1000 males) and density(population per sq. km) in the urban
population of the district:- District Urban population as% of total
population Sex ratio 1991 (Females per 1000 males) Density (population
per sq. km) Patna 1981 1991 Total Rural Urban 1132 37.12 37.96 868
886 839 Amenities - No.(with percentage) of villages having one/more
amenities in the district as per 1991 census is given below:- Sl
No. Amenities No. Of inhabited villages Percentage 1. 2 3 . 4 5
6 7. 8. Education Medical Drinking Water Post & Telegraph Market
/ Hat Communications Approach by Pucca Rd. Power Supply 1199 535
1284 315 86 350 519 1081 93.38 41.67 100.00 24.53 6.70 27.26 40.42
84.19
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